In depth: Experts reveal how exercise affects skin
It's no secret that balancing a good skincare routine alongside exercise is imperative for getting that healthy-looking glow, something consumers are deeming increasingly important.
From understanding how working out affects ageing skin and collagen production to the best products and ingredients for consumers pre- and post-workout, six dermatologists and skincare experts explain how exercise really affects skin.
So, how does regular exercise impact skin?
Depending on the nature of the workout, regular exercise is said to have both positive and negative impacts on the skin.
"Regular exercise promotes healthy skin by increasing blood circulation, which delivers oxygen and essential nutrients to skin cells," explains Dr Sophie Momen at the Cadogan Clinic.
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"This enhanced circulation supports cell regeneration and collagen production, contributing to a more youthful appearance. Exercise also helps regulate stress hormones such as cortisol, which can reduce inflammation and breakouts."
Physical activity can also stimulate lymphatic drainage, reducing puffiness and fluid retention.
However, over-exercising without proper skincare can potentially have negative effects, such as increased oxidative stress, premature sagging or skin irritation from sweat.
How sweat affects the skin
Getting on a good sweat during a workout can feel great, as sweat contains toxins that you’re pumping out of your system. However, sweating itself does not detoxify the skin.
"The primary detoxification organs are the liver and kidneys, however sweating can help clear out impurities from the pores by flushing out dirt, oil and bacteria, which may contribute to a clearer complexion," says Momen.
Sweat helps regulate body temperature and expel toxins (Alamy/PA)
Despite containing toxins, sweating can be good for skin. "Sweat however does help to regulate body temperature which prevents overheating, which can reduce inflammation and puffiness," says cellular biochemist and SEABODY founder, Dr Helena McMahon.
When it comes to sweat and breakouts, it’s important consumers understand how acne is actually caused.
"Sweating itself doesn’t cause acne, but leaving sweat on skin for too long can create an environment where bacteria can thrive, leading to breakouts," highlights skin expert and founder of RE Skin Clinic, Rebecca Elsdon.
"Friction from tight workout clothing can also trigger acne mechanica. To prevent this, consumers should always cleanse their skin post-workout with a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser."
How exercise affects ageing skin and collagen production
While excessive, high intensity exercise can cause skin to sag, exercise largely slows down the signs of ageing.
"Exercise can slow skin ageing by improving circulation and oxygenation, which support collagen production and cell renewal," says Momen.
"Collagen is essential for maintaining skin’s elasticity and firmness, helping to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
"Regular physical activity also helps regulate cortisol levels, which can otherwise contribute to collagen breakdown and premature ageing."
However, if people are exercising outside, they should be wary about environmental factors.
"Prolonged exposure to UV rays during outdoor exercise can accelerate ageing, making it essential to wear sunscreen and maintain a suitable skincare routine," says Momen.
What products should people be reaching for
While consumers may want to keep their skin as clean as possible, over-cleansing the skin or using harsh ingredients followed by a sweaty workout can irritate and cause damage to the skin barrier.
While removing any makeup before your workout is essential, "the ideal skin routine for exercise starts during the workout itself," explains Harley Street skin expert and aesthetics doctor, Dr Ed Robinson.
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"People should avoid touching their face throughout where dirty gym equipment and bacteria are transferred to their face."
Post-workout, the experts suggest a gentle cleanser. "Post-workout skincare should include gentle, hydrating ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, niacinamide and aloe vera to soothe the skin and prevent irritation," says Momen.
"Fragrance-free, non-comedogenic formulations are ideal to maintain a healthy post-exercise skincare routine."
Specific ingredients consumers should be encouraged to look for (and avoid) in post-workout skincare
When curating the perfect skincare bundle for their gym bag, there are certain ingredients to incorporate as well as some to avoid.
"Avoid anti-ageing products, like vitamin C, retinol, AHA acids and certainly do not exfoliate directly after, as this will just irritate their skin," says medical director of Cosmedics Skin Clinics, Dr Ross Perry.
Consumers should also look out for moisturisers that are high in occlusives, as these help seal in moisture.
"Moisturisers have three categories of ingredients," explains dermal therapist Joanna Fleming. "These are humectants, emollients and occlusives.
"Humectants, such as hyaluronic acid, draw moisture into the skin. Emollients, like ceramides, help keep the skin smooth and prevent moisture loss. Then occlusives, like shea butter, help seal in moisture," says Fleming.
"They should use a decent moisturiser that helps lock in moisture, which they'll be low on after exercising, as we lose a lot of water through our skin," says Robinson.
